Memorial to those killed in the Chernobyl disaster. Memorial to those killed in the Chernobyl disaster 30 years of the Chernobyl disaster events at school

Today marks 30 years since the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP). At about 1:23 a.m. local time on April 26, 1986, several explosions occurred in the fourth power unit of the station.

The disaster occurred at the beginning of an experiment on using the kinetic energy of a turbogenerator rotor as a backup energy source for the needs of the station. To achieve this, the power of the power unit was reduced to a minimum, but then, due to the technical features of the reactor, it began to increase sharply, which led to a series of explosions reminiscent of a “dirty bomb”.

The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant became the largest in the history of nuclear energy, comparable only to the disaster at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant in Japan in March 2011

In the first days after the accident, two TASS photojournalists were sent to Chernobyl - an employee of the Moscow editorial office Valery Zufarov and a photojournalist from the Kyiv branch Vladimir Repik. In addition to them, the consequences of the accident were covered by APN (now RIA Novosti) photo reporter Igor Kostin and Chernobyl NPP staff photographer Anatoly Rasskazov.

In this photo, through the helicopter window, Repik captured the construction of the sarcophagus over the destroyed fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The protective structure was erected within six months, completing construction by November 1986.

A worker peers at the dosimeter readings while standing in front of a sarcophagus under construction, 1986.

The photo was also taken by TASS Kyiv correspondent Vladimir Repik. After returning from Chernobyl, both photographers - Zufarov and Repik - underwent treatment in one of the military hospitals in Moscow for the effects of radiation. During work at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the helicopter with journalists was constantly dangerously close to the destroyed reactor, sometimes descending to a height of only 25 m above the power unit.

Valery Zufarov died in April 1996, on the eve of the 10th anniversary of the accident, from blood cancer. After the collapse of the USSR, Vladimir Repik worked as a personal photographer for the presidents and prime ministers of Ukraine; he died in 2012.

Since 2007, a joint venture between the French industrial corporation Bouyges and the Italian concern Vinci, commissioned by the management of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, has been building a new steel sarcophagus, which is designed to replace the Soviet reinforced concrete building. Photo taken April 16, 2016.

By the spring of 2016, the construction of the facility was almost completed; all that remained was to place the arch of the new sarcophagus over the fourth power unit.

The implementation of the project is monitored by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). According to the organization, the entire work plan to strengthen the security of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant will cost about €2.15 billion, of which €1.5 billion will be spent on the construction of a new sarcophagus.

In the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, also known as the “unconditional resettlement zone.”

At the moment, the zone occupies an area of ​​about 2.6 thousand square meters. km in the north of the Kyiv region and partly in the northeast of the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine.

Over the past 30 years, more than 80 settlements in the zone have been completely abandoned, and their former residents, the so-called self-settlers, have returned to another 11 places.

An abandoned kindergarten building in the city of Pripyat, November 2012.​

Pripyat was founded in February 1970, in parallel with the beginning of the construction of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, as a city for builders and power engineers.

At the time of the accident, the city consisted of five microdistricts; it was planned to build a sixth microdistrict directly near the Pripyat River.

By 1986, there were 15 kindergartens operating in the city - three for each quarter (with the exception of the largest, the third quarter, where there were four kindergartens and the smallest, the fourth microdistrict with two preschool institutions).

Founded from scratch, Pripyat was a model city of the builders of communism with a strict layout. For each of the microdistricts there was one school in the middle of each of the blocks, except again for the largest, the third microdistrict with two schools (the newest, the fifth district, did not yet have its own school). The total number of student places is almost 6.8 thousand.

By the end of 1985, 47.5 thousand people lived in Pripyat. All of them were evacuated on April 27, 1986 - 36 hours after the accident.

According to the plan of the city planners, at the intersection of Pripyat microdistricts there was a central square of the city with the main cultural centers of attraction: a restaurant, a hotel, a cinema, a swimming pool, and a post office. The city executive committee building stood a little to the side.

Behind the square began the so-called amusement park with a now abandoned autodrome. On the other side of the park was the campus of the energy engineering college.

The central object of the Pripyat amusement park was the Ferris wheel. It was erected during the renovation of the park on May Day 1986. The city was completely evacuated on April 27, just days before the attraction's launch. The wheel never worked

The so-called Rassokhinskoye cemetery of Soviet military equipment near the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Over 1.3 thousand pieces of equipment - helicopters, buses, bulldozers, tanks, armored personnel carriers - were used by the accident liquidators. Subsequently, the “toxic” cars were left in a field near the abandoned village of Rassokha, 25 km south of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The photo was taken in November 2000.

In recent years, Ukraine has been recycling abandoned equipment. However, according to Russian media reports, this equipment can be used by the country's Armed Forces in the conflict in Donbass

Cemetery of abandoned ships in the port of Chernobyl, 14 km southeast of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, downstream of the Pripyat River. Photo taken in April 2006. In the background you can see the stem of the cargo ship "Skadovsk", popular among fans of the video game Stalker as one of the game locations

A white-tailed eagle sits on the carcass of a dead wolf in the Belarusian part of the restricted zone around the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, February 2016.

Two years after the disaster, in the summer of 1988, in the Belarusian SSR, in the areas adjacent to Chernobyl, the largest radiation-ecological reserve in the republic was created.

Since the inhabitants of this territory were evicted, years after the Chernobyl accident, the reserve is used by ecologists and biologists to study the effects of radiation on the flora and fauna of the region

Photo: Alexander Vedernikov/Kommersant

Despite the danger of radiation contamination (radioactive dust has eaten into the soil and buildings), many tourists still visit Pripyat to this day. Interest in the ghost town was fueled by the publication in 2002 of a UN report stating that in the more than 15 years since the accident, it was possible to stay in most areas of the exclusion zone without much harm to health.

At the moment, group and individual tours are legally organized in Pripyat. On the other hand, in 2007, Ukraine tightened legislation for illegal entry into the exclusion zone: the violator faces a fine of 50 to 80 minimum wages or imprisonment for a term of one to three years.

On average, the number of tourists visiting Pripyat is several thousand people per year

In total, according to estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005, about 4 thousand people became victims of the Chernobyl accident: power engineers, liquidators and residents of Pripyat, who received an extremely high or fatal dose of radiation.

At the same time, the UN program until 2016, adopted eight years ago, assumes a sharp improvement in the radiation situation in the exclusion zone. This in turn leads to an increase in the number of people wishing to settle in the region. More than half of the population in the affected territories was born after the Chernobyl accident or migrated from other regions, UN experts concluded.

Unlike Pripyat, the city of Chernobyl itself was not completely abandoned. About 550 people still live there—mostly service personnel of the exclusion zone and “self-settlers.” Before the accident, the city had about 13 thousand inhabitants

In the school І-ІІІ st.s. Velyka Shishovka held a week of memory

« Chernobyl: the candle does not go out in memory » (on the 30th anniversary of the tragedy)

On April 26, 2016, humanity celebrated the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl tragedy. This memorable date was dedicated to the events held in the Secondary School I-III st.s. Great Shishovka. Teacher - organizer Patraty D.A. and literature teacher O.L. Fedorchenko planned and held events dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Drawing competition “Chernobyl through the eyes of children!”

Literary evening “Chernobyl Madonna”

Student conference" The Chernobyl tragedy is in our hearts" .

Students from grades 1-5 took part in the drawing competition.

In grades 6-11, teacher-organizer Patraty D.A. and literature teacher Fedorchenko O.L. held a literary evening “Chernobyl Madonna”, and also provided for viewing film Explosion at Chernobyl.

The teachers told, showed the history of the creation of the station, the causes of the accident, the consequences for the environment, the cessation of the station’s operationbased on a computer system. Watching a moviemade it possible to clearly demonstrate the scale of the environmental disaster of 1986, to deeply and clearly illuminate environmental problems after the Chernobyl accident.The poems by V. Vysotsky “Reconnaissance in Combat”, L. Oshanin’s “Chernobyl Ballad”, the story “The Legend of Love”, information from experts on the scale of the tragedy were read.

In grades 7-11, teacher P.V. Seleznev. held a student conference “The Chernobyl tragedy is in our hearts.” At the beginning of the event, the teacher spoke about one of the most terrible environmental disasters, which became a kind of retribution for the technological progress of mankind. From the students' reports, they learned about the scale of the tragedy, various diseases caused by radiation, the consequences of an environmental disaster, and measures to combat radiation contamination.

At the end of all the events, the teacher-organizer once again emphasized that Chernobyl is the last warning to humanity; a warning as a very real image of what humanity can expect in the event of a nuclear war, and which should be heard not only by professional politicians around the world and military men with their fingers on the rocket buttons, but by every person without exception, regardless of his social status and age.

The echo of the Chernobyl disaster will continue to sound for decades to come.That is why the history of this disaster and the history of overcoming its consequences deserves people to know and remember about it.

The UN General Assembly proclaimed April 26 as the International Day of Remembrance for Radiation Victims.

Teacher-organizer Patraty Daria.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

Oktyabrskoye secondary school

Usmansky municipal district of Lipetsk region

Extracurricular activity

"Chernobyl - the pain of the Earth"

(oral journal with elements of a business game)

for students in grades 6-9

Sundeeva N.N. - teacher of chemistry and ecology

Oktyabrskoe village

2016

Scenario of an extracurricular event dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident for students in grades 6-9.

“Chernobyl – the pain of the Earth”

Form: oral journalwith elements of a business game.

Location: Assembly Hall.

Equipment:

multimedia installation;

presentation,

badges and plaques for active participants

Educational and educational objectives:

tell students about the Chernobyl tragedy, feat of people

contribute to the formation of environmental knowledge and its use in educational and practical activities,

cultivate a sense of compassion,

the formation of civic responsibility and patriotic education of students using the example of studying the causes and consequences of the Chernobyl accident.

Teacher's opening remarks: On April 26, 1986, the worst disaster in human history occurred. And later30 years, this day makes us think about the possible consequences of human activity, about our unpayable debt to those who, risking their own lives, saved the world from a radioactive disaster. The memory of the tragedy will remain an unhealed wound in the soul of our people.

“The third angel sounded, and a great star fell from heaven, burning like a lamp, and fell on a third of the rivers and on the springs of water.

The name of this star is wormwood; and the third part of the waters became wormwood, and many of the people died from the waters, because they became bitter” (vv. 10-11, chapter 8 of the Revelation of St. John). This is how theologians interpret this event through the Revelation of St. John, for the wormwood star is Chernobyl.

The waters from wormwood and our Usman land became bitter, since the city of Usman and a number of surrounding villages were contaminated with radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident.

The feat accomplished by the liquidators of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident will never be forgotten. Almost 60 Usmanites were liquidators of the Chernobyl accident. It is sad to realize that every day these heroes are becoming fewer and fewer. We should all remember their feat.Today we will tell you how this happened.

Page 1. Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

IN riding : The Chernobyl nuclear power plant is located in Ukraine near the city of Pripyat, 18 kilometers from the city of Chernobyl, 16 kilometers from the border with Belarus and 110 kilometers from Kyiv,mainly on unproductive lands and meets water supply requirementsia, transport, sanitary zone. On September 27, 1977, the first power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was turned on. The second power unit was built and commissioned in record time - in just one year. In 1981, Unit 3 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant began operating. With the launch of the new 4th power unit, the station’s capacity reaches 4 million kilowatts. In 1986, power unit 5 was supposed to come into operation. A modern city was built nearby for the station workers, which, like the river, was named Pripyat. This is a city of nuclear scientists. It was founded on February 4, 1970. The population as of November 1985 was 47 thousand 500 people.

Reader : The April night began as usual:
Spring was blooming and Pripyat was flowing.
And the guard service carried on as usual.
And there was no premonition of evil in the souls.

The anticipation of May reigned all around.
Bird cherry smelled over the quiet river...
And the country slept - vast, dear,
And there was comfort and peace in every house.

Vladimir Boyanovsky

Page 2. Accident.

Reader : It's two o'clock in the morning. Everything is quiet…
Suddenly there is an explosion and a burst of steam into the air...
And the sirens howled madly,
Death and life entered into the struggle.
The world shook. The news is broadcast.
It buzzes in different languages.
Not over Chernobyl, over the world,
Radiation fear hung over.

Leading : At approximately 1:23:50 on April 26, 1986, an explosion occurred at the 4th power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, which completely destroyed the reactor. The power unit building partially collapsed. A fire started in various rooms and on the roof. Subsequently, the remains of the core melted. A mixture of molten metal, sand, concrete and fuel particles spread underreactor rooms. As a result of the accident, radioactive substances were released. The situation was aggravated by the fact that in the destroyed reactor uncontrolled nuclear and chemical (from the combustion of graphite reserves) reactions continued with the release of heat, with an eruption from the fault during e many days of combustion products of highly radioactive elements and their contamination of large areas. It was possible to stop the active eruption of radioactive substances from the destroyed reactor only by the end of May 1986 through mass irradiation of thousands of liquidators.Immediately after the explosion, the reactor emittedfrom 3000 to 30,000 roentgens per hour (and the lethal dose is 500 roentgens per hour). The power of emissions exceeded two hundred atomic explosions in Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined.Chernobyl600 times superior Hiroshima according to the degree of environmental pollutioncesium-137 – the longest-lived radioactive element.And at this time people were still working inside. There is no roof, part of the wall is destroyed... The lights went out, the phone went off. Floors are collapsing. The floor is shaking. The premises are filled with either steam, fog, or dust. Short circuit sparks flash. Radiation monitoring devices are off the charts. Hot radioactive water flows everywhere.
Page 3. Chronology of events

Historian - documentarian : 1 hour 23 minutes 40 seconds - 187 control and protection system rods entered the core to shut down the reactor. The chain reaction had to be broken. However, after 3 seconds, alarm signals were registered for exceeding the reactor power and increasing pressure. And after another 4 seconds - a dull explosion that shook the entire building. The emergency protection rods stopped before they were even halfway through.1 hour 26 minutes 03 seconds - the fire alarm went off.1 hour 28 minutes - the station duty guard arrived at the scene of the accident.
1 hour 35 minutes - the Pripyat guard arrived at the station.2 hours 10 minutes - the fire on the roof of the turbine room was knocked down.
2 hours 30 minutes - the fire on the roof of the reactor compartment was suppressed.
4 hours 50 minutes - The fire is mostly contained.
6 hours 35 minutes - the fire has been extinguished.Presenter 1: As a result of a nuclear accident, the largest catastrophe of our time occurred, resulting in numerous human casualties and radioactive contamination of the territory of Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia.Radioactive contamination has been recorded in more than 30 countries around the world.The Chernobyl explosion released at least 130 million curies of a wide variety of radioactive substances into the environment, scattering them over an area of ​​more than 56 thousand square kilometers, including the Usman region.

Page 4. Fighting the elements.

Presenter 1 : The fight against the elements took place at an altitude of 27 to 72 meters, and inside the premises of the fourth power unit, the station personnel on duty were engaged in extinguishing. The firefighters did not know that the reactor had been opened.

Reader: Without special clothing, sacrificing himself.
Throwing myself into the crazy heat.
Not a word to them - that the challenge is not easy,
They were called to a regular fire!

There is a halo of light above the station.
The soot, steam and smoke were driving me crazy!
The exploded reactor produced
It's a real hell in the machine room!

Olga Rubanova

Presenter 2 : A large volume of radioactive substances was released into the environment. To stop the release, the accident site was bombarded with bags of protective mixture using military helicopters. 20-30 helicopters took off every day, each making 20 passes.As a result, the reactor shaft was covered with a loose mass, and hazardous substances were releasedstopped.One of the most important tasks in eliminating the consequences of the accident was isolating the destroyed reactor and preventing the release of radioactive substances into the environment. The first stage of her solution was the construction of a shelter, which was calledsarcophagus. Reader : Turning away from the red forest,Radiating anxiety and fear,In the center of the zone above the Chernobyl nuclear power plant woundFrozen gray like an elephantsarcophagus.

Page 5. The further fate of the station.

Presenter 1 . After the accident at the 4th power unit, the operation of the power plant was suspended due to the dangerous radiation situation. However, already in October 1986, after extensive work to decontaminate the territory and build a “sarcophagus”, the 1st and 2nd power units were put back into operation; in December 1987, the work of the 3rd was resumed. In 1991, a fire broke out at the 2nd power unit, and in October of the same year the reactor was completely decommissioned. On December 15, 2000, the reactor of the last, 3rd power unit was shut down forever. The sarcophagus erected over the fourth, exploded power unit is gradually being destroyed. The danger if it collapses is mainly determined by how much radioactive material is inside it. According to the plans of the French contractor Novarka, the new shelter will have two layers. The 180-meter-high arch will cover not only the power unit destroyed in 1986, but also the old shelter. According to calculations, the new sarcophagus will last 150 years. Currently, the area has been cleared, foundation pits for the arch in the area of ​​its installation have been constructed, and the process of driving piles has begun.

Page 6. Who are they - LIQUIDATORS?

READER : Yes, a lot depends on people!
My planet hangs by a thread
A push - and there are neither adults nor children,
No snowy winters, no sunny summers...
Presenter 2 : Every time has its own heroes. But this time people were faced with an enemy worse than plague, flood, earthquake, and even worse than an aggressor armed to the teeth. This enemy was imperceptible and invisible. He is cruel and cunning, ruthless and deadly.
Presenter 1 : They were doing their job. But the situation was unusual - a reactor was “breathing” a deadly breath nearby. The fire spread across the roof of the turbine room. The terrible unbearable heat forced us to take off our respirators. The bitumen melted and flowed, filling the air with a disgusting, suffocating fume. The huge ceiling above the machine room and the auxiliary building fell with a crash. The molten coating burned through shoes, clothes, and burned the body.
Presenter 2 : But there was no time to think about your safety. The station had to be saved. People were weakened by terrible smoke, unbearable heat, enormous doses of radiation, and pain. They lost strength and fell. But they survived! They saved the station, closed it with themselves and prevented an even greater disaster that could have happened. But this was only the beginning of the trouble.
Presenter 1 : Danger was in the air! It is impossible to imagine the depth of the consequences that the Chernobyl disaster could have brought if not for the courage and heroism of the people who took part in eliminating the consequences of the disaster.

They were the first.

Presenter 2 : There were 28 of them - Chernobyl firefighters , the first to enter the fight against the atomic element, taking on the heat of the flame and the deadly breath of the reactor. They were commanded by an internal service majorLeonid Petrovich Telyatnikov . Next to him in the first ranks of firefighters were the commanders of the fire watch, 23-year-old lieutenants of the internal serviceViktor Nikolaevich Kibenok and Vladimir Pavlovich Pravik. The firefighters accomplished a real feat - they averted trouble and saved thousands of human lives.Six of them - at the cost of their lives.

Presenter 1 . For heroic deeds, personal courage and self-sacrifice during the liquidation of the Chernobyl accidenttitle of Hero of Ukraine and Order of the Golden Starposthumously assigned to five liquidators: the commander of the 6th separate militarized fire department in PripyatNikolay Vashchuk and Vasily Ignatenko , firemen Nikolay Titenko and Vladimir Tishura , Deputy Head of the Chernobyl NPP Electrical ShopAlexandru Lelechenko . All of them are buried in Moscow at the Mitinskoye cemetery.

Presenter 2 : Lieutenants Viktor Kibenko and Vladimir Pravik awarded posthumouslytitle of Hero of the Soviet Union . Leonid Telyatnikov was also awarded the Gold Star of the Hero . After treatment, he continued his service and became a general. But the disease did not subside. The hero passed away in 2004.

Many springs have passed since then,

The twentieth century has ended

But the topic is not closed yet:Trouble... Chernobyl... Man...

Reader: Let's remember those who are on fire

He ran towards the fire, swallowing smoke,

Who knew - death is possible,

But he didn’t consider his duty any other way.

Let us remember those who drove the cascades,

There were rafter panels on the roof.

Let's remember those who were on the cranes,

He loaded lead and transported concrete.

We will not forget the foremen:

Karelin, Pavlov, Rudakov.

We will always be happy to remember

Soldier of the Chernobyl regiments.

He can be proud of his sons

My country and my people!

And on this day, proud of my sons,

The earth sends its bow to the heroes.

I ask you today to honor the memory of people who, at the cost of their lives, did everything to ensure that the consequences of this accident were as small as possible.

A minute of silence.

Teacher : Our fellow countrymen were also the liquidators of the accident: Igor Nikolaevich Dushkin (a graduate of our school), his wife Nelli Vladimirovna Dushkina, Anatoly Dmitrievich Shchetinin (Appendix 1).

If it were not for the heroism of the station staff, firefighters, and accident liquidators who gave their lives, the consequences would have been much worse.

Remember, children, remember, grandchildren,Brave heroes of the fatal spring.Working hands saved the planet,Remember the feat of the labor soldiers.Page 7. Red Forest

Biologist: The release also led to the death of trees near the nuclear power plant. The Red Forest is about 10 km of trees adjacent to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, which took the largest share of the release of radioactive dust during the reactor explosion in 1986. The high dose of absorbed radiation led to the death of trees and their coloring brown-red. The extremely radioactive cloud killed most of the pine trees, while birch and aspen trees were more radioresistant. In addition, at night there was a glow from dead trees, also caused by radioactive decay. During work to decontaminate the area, the forest was completely bulldozed and buried. Now, during the restoration of the “Red Forest,” the pine trees are being replaced by other vegetation.

Page 8. Mutations of plants and animals

Geneticist : In agricultural areas, in the first months, radioactive substances were deposited on plant leaves and grass, so herbivores were exposed to contamination. Then the radionuclides, along with rain or fallen leaves, entered the soil, and now they enter agricultural plants, mainly through the root system.

In 1988, a radiation-ecological reserve was created on the contaminated territory. Observations have shown that the number of mutations in plants and animals, although it has increased, is insignificant, and nature is successfully coping with their consequences. Nature began to recover at a rapid pace, animal populations grew, and the diversity of vegetation types increased.

Page 9 . Impact of the accident on human health

Doctor: As a result of the accident, tens of thousands of people died among the liquidators alone; in Europe, 10,000 cases of deformities in newborns were recorded, 10,000 cases of thyroid cancer and another 50 are expected000 . According to published in 200 0 data from 860 thousand people who participated in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident, more60 thousands of liquidators died, tens of thousands became disabled.

Various public organizations report very high rates of congenital abnormalities and high infant mortality in contaminated areas. In January 1987, an unusually high number of cases of Down syndrome were reported.How many died as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant? The answer is that 80 thousand people died, more than 3 million people were injured, of which 1 million were children.

Page 10. Pripyat – a ghost town

Presenter 1: On April 27, 1986, within 24 hours, the population was completely evacuated due to an accident at a nuclear power plant. Due to severe radiation contamination, the city could not be restored. For 30 years, the city was under the attack of nature, the streets were overgrown with trees, the walls were covered with moss. Bright, wide streets turned into clearings. Grass grows in the rooms. The surviving windows of frozen high-rise buildings glow deathly. Above the thicket, only the names are visible: House of Culture “Energetik”, swimming pool “Lazurny”, hotel “Polesie”... And an oppressive silence that does not fit in with the atmosphere of a living city. In addition, the buildings were plundered by looters. Entering the spacious entrances of once comfortable houses, you freeze in silent shock: reading through the tangled electrical wires the surviving signs with the names of the owners of the apartments, who once left here without even closing the door behind them. The city is being destroyed quickly; now the main danger is not so much radiation as the possibility of buildings collapsing at any moment. School of Pripyat. In recent years, the building has fallen into disrepair and it is not possible to walk everywhere.After his sudden death, Pripyat was fenced off with barbed wire and given the epithet “ghost town.”After 30 years, Pripyat remains a ghost town and a clear example of an environmental disaster.

In this cityNobody lives anymore.In this cityThere are no birds or animals.Only the windSings through broken windowsUnder the creaking and knockingDoors ajar.

It has been abandoned by its residentsTo certain death.But why was he punished?He won't understand at all.He's in smoke and firesManaged to survive.But why? Doesn't matterNobody lives in it.

On a broken swingThe rain is swingingAnd soared over the parkThe skeleton of the Wheel.Paid for mistakes"Marked" leader.Well, the city dreamsChildren's voices...

Natalia Cherkashina

Page 11. "Zone"

For work in the area of ​​the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, armored vehicles with increased protection from radiation were used, but this practically did not help. After a week of use, they had to be buried in burial grounds, since the metal began to literally “glow” from radiation. The largest such cemetery is located in the village of Rassokha, 25 km from the nuclear power plant.
Reader : Forgotten well, guardian of a deserted village,
An unmown, gray, aging meadow under the sun.
And the dome in the distance is golden, the holy monastery,
And the empty city suddenly appears in front of him.
And strange people, dressed out of season,
And everything you see around is called a zone.
Page 12. Reminder of the tragedy

Teacher: Chernobyl is a tragedy, a feat, a warning - the last

warning to humanity.

In order for Chernobyl and its tragedy to truly remain foreverin the past, there is one - the only way out: to remember it constantly.April 26 is the Day of Remembrance for those killed in radiation accidents and disasters.

My homeland is vast.
The blue of the sky is overwhelming.
Surrounded by green forests,
Filled with the purity of rivers!
We have been given such a treasure!
Where in the world can you find something like this?
We are connected with him in soul and heart,
And we are obliged to take care of it.
A thin stalk, a small bird -
Everything that spoils us with beauty
Sea, forest and currant bush -
Take care, my friend, of your homeland!

Annex 1.

DUSHKIN IGOR NIKOLAEVICH

Born on November 9, 1963 in the village of Oktyabrskoye, Usmansky district, Lipetsk region. In 1981, he graduated from the 10th grade of Oktyabrskaya Secondary School and entered the Saratov Higher Military School. After graduating from college in 1985, he was sent to serve in aviation regiment No. 01094 of the second helicopter squadron, which was based in the city of Alexandria, Ukrainian SSR.

From May 23 to 27, 1986, he took part in eliminating the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. As an assistant to the crew commander - the right pilot on an MI-6 helicopter, he flew missions to an emergency nuclear reactor. The task for the helicopter pilots was to drop sandbags and lead ingots in parachutes from a helicopter onto the emergency reactor.

The unit was based in the city of Chernigov at the military flight school. We lived in barracks.

Until 1994 he served in a helicopter squadron in the city of Alexandria. He was transferred to the reserve with the rank of captain. In 1998 he moved to permanent residence in the city of Usman, Lipetsk region. Together with his wife Nelli Vladimirovna, he raised his daughter Yulia.

For the courage and heroism shown in carrying out the government task - eliminating the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, I.N. Dushkin was awarded the badges “Participant in the elimination of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident” and “In memory of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.”

DUSHKINA NELLI VLADIMIROVNA

Born on February 18, 1964 in the city of Alexandria, Kirovograd region, Ukrainian SSR. After graduating from the 10th grade of Alexandria Secondary School in 1984, she entered the evening department of the industrial technical school. She graduated from college in 1985. Since 1981, she worked at the electromechanical plant in Alexandria as a kitter in the procurement department, and then as a department controller. From 1985 to 1988, she served in the army, in the first helicopter regiment as a telegraph operator in a communications company, then as a clerk at the headquarters of an air regiment, which was based in the city of Alexandria, Ukrainian SSR.

From May 16 to June 7, 1986, she took part in eliminating the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

They were based in the village of Goncharovsk, Chernigov region, where there was a helicopter regiment whose vehicles took part in eliminating the consequences of the Chernobyl accident.

N.V. Dushkina during this period worked as a waiter in a canteen formilitary personnel, flew into the 30-kilometer zone of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant to provide food for helicopter crews. They worked from 4 a.m. until midnight, as there were not enough people to service the crews.

After serving in the army, N.V. Dushkina worked at CHPP-1/2 as a feed pump operator. In 1995, she quit her job due to moving to the city of Usman, Lipetsk region. Together with her husband Igor Nikolaevich she raised her daughter Yulia.

For the courage and heroism shown in carrying out the government task - the liquidation of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, N.V. Dushkina was awarded the badges “Participant in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident” and “In memory of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant”, Certificates of Honor of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation.

SHCHETININ ANATOLY DMITRIEVICH

Born on December 19, 1949 in the village of Krivka, Usmansky district, Lipetsk region. His father Dmitry Kuzmin worked as a molder at the Lipetsk Tractor Plant, and his mother Anna Semyonovna was a worker at the Annensky state farm.

After graduating from the 6th grade of the Krivskaya school, Anatoly went to work at the Annensky state farm as a worker. In 1967, he was called up for military service, which he served in the construction troops in Western Ukraine. After service in 1969, he returned home and began working as a carpenter in the village of Oktyabrskoye in the PMK. From 1970 until his retirement, he worked as an ammonia refrigeration unit operator at the Oktyabrsky Creamery. During this period, in the summer of 1986, he was called up by the Usman military registration and enlistment office for special military training and was sent to eliminate the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. A.D. Shchetinin worked directly at the emergency reactor, filling the trenches with sand. He installed and dismantled pipes for supplying sand, worked on a tractor, pumping sand through pipes under compressed air pressure. In total, he participated in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident for 4 months.

For the courage and heroism shown in carrying out the government task - eliminating the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, A.D. Shchetinin was awarded the badges “Participant in the elimination of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident” and “In memory of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.”

Married. Together with his wife Nina Mikhailovna, he raised a son, Yuri, and a daughter, Natalya. Helps children raise three grandchildren; the youngest grandson, Dmitry, is a student at our school.

Bibliography:

- Borovsky E. Chernobyl tragedy. // Newspaper "Chemistry". – 2009. - No. 15.

Dyson D. The Ghost of Chernobyl // Reader's Digest. – 2010.-№4.- p.94-104.

Mikheev G. Another life. // “Rural news”. – 2006. - No. 4. – p.2-3.

Fominykh S. Tragedy of the 20th century - 20 years later. // Newspaper “Znamya”. - 2009. No. 15.

All destinies are merged into one... (local history and journalistic collection, editor - compiler V. Maksimyuk. Voronezh. - 2006.

poetryOlga Rubanova

lists of the dead

Thirty years have passed since the Chernobyl disaster. It seems like a long time. The people calmed down. The descendants of the settlers took to the wing. The old people have gone to another world. There seemed to be a lull.

And this is good, because fears sometimes cause more harm than the disasters themselves.

After all, the main measure of the consequences of major man-made disasters is not so much destruction and lost profits as the reformatting of human destinies.

It is unlikely that anyone will object that Chernobyl became the fly in the ointment that finally spoiled the mood of the masses who had fallen into the stupid perestroika and plunged our country into the chaos of apocolyptic demagoguery, which ended with the collapse of the USSR.

It should be noted that accidents at nuclear power plants around the world occurred almost every year. In the United States alone, twelve of them were recorded in the period before 1986.

The first major accident occurred at a nuclear power plant in Pennsylvania on March 28, 1979, the second power unit of which, with a capacity of 880 MW, was not equipped with a safety system.

Three Mile Island Nuclear Power Plant in Pennsylvania (USA)

However, detailed information about this accident was contained only in leaflets for internal use.

It was from this time that concealment of information about nuclear accidents became the norm in international practice.

In the Soviet Union, there were also many incidents at nuclear facilities that were not written or spoken about anywhere. The most serious consequences were caused by the 1957 accident at the Mayak production facility in the Chelyabinsk region.

The resulting radioactive cloud with an activity of about 2 million Ci settled on the ground in three regions of the Ural region, forming the so-called South Ural radioactive trace.

In total, 10 serious accidents occurred at USSR nuclear power facilities before Chernobyl, including in September 1982 at the same ill-fated Chernobyl nuclear power plant, where, due to erroneous actions of operating personnel, the central fuel assembly at the 1st power unit was destroyed with the release of radioactivity into the industrial zone and the city of Pripyat.

The practice of concealing information about incidents at nuclear power plants from nuclear power plant personnel has become a hindrance in ensuring radiation safety. After all, ignorance always contributes to carelessness.

A.I. Mayorets, appointed to the post of Minister of Energy of the USSR, was especially zealous in this direction - he was not sufficiently competent in energy, and even more so in nuclear technologies.

It must be said that the position of the management was never shared by the operating personnel of nuclear power plants.

Thus, in 1979, the magazine Kommunist published an article by scientists from the I.V. Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, who, after analyzing the situation, proposed not to use RBMK reactors in the European part of the country. Unfortunately, these proposals were not heard.

However, let's return to the events of April 26, 1986 and try to figure out why the reactor exploded at the 4th power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Regarding the technical level of the RBMK reactor, I will give an excerpt from the transcript of the meeting of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee on July 3, 1986, chaired by M.S. Gorbachev:

Gorbachev:

Did the commission figure out why the unfinished reactor was transferred to industry? In the United States, such rectors have been abandoned. Yes, Comrade Legasov?

Academician Legasov:

Such reactors have not been developed or used in the energy sector in the United States.

Gorbachev:

There were 104 accidents, who is responsible?

Meshkov(First Deputy Minister of Medium Engineering of the USSR):

This station is not ours, but the Ministry of Energy.

Gorbachev:

What can you say about the RBMK reactor?

Meshkov:

The reactor is tested, but there is no dome. If you strictly follow the regulations, there will be no harm from them.

Gorbachev:

Is it possible to bring these reactors to the international level?

Academician Alexandrov:

All countries with developed nuclear energy do not operate on the same type of reactors as ours.

Mayorets(Member of the Government Commission):

I assert that the RBMK, even after modification, will not comply with all of our current rules.

Chernobyl reactor before the accident

Briefly about why the experiment was carried out at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

The fact is that in the event of a complete blackout of the equipment of a nuclear power plant, the operation of all mechanisms stops, including the pumps that pump water through the reactor core. As a result, its core melts, which can lead to an accident.

The use of any possible sources of electricity in such cases involves an experiment with a run-down of the turbine generator rotor.

After all, while the rotor rotates, electricity is generated. It can and should be used in critical cases.

What were the violations of the regulations?

1. The test program, the quality of which did not stand up to criticism, was not agreed upon with Gosatomenergonadzor. However, the station management and Sayuzatamenergo were not bothered by this.

2. The holy of holies of nuclear technology was violated: the reactor protection measures were not brought to the maximum design basis accident (MDA) button. This means that it was impossible to activate the protection with one movement.

3. The chief engineer of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, Fomin, made a grave mistake - the emergency cooling system of the reactor was turned off.

Instead of allowing the generator rotor to coast down at the moment of its shutdown, the experiment began to be carried out at its full power. As a result, the reactor power dropped to below 30 MW and its “poisoning” with decay products began. This was the beginning of the end.

The remaining actions were carried out at the command of Deputy Chief Engineer Dyatlov, who did not know the thermal circuits of the station and uranium-graphite reactors. It was he who actually forced the operator Toptunov to increase the power of the reactor. Thus, they signed the death warrant for themselves and many of their colleagues.

On April 26, 1986, at 1 hour 23 minutes 58 seconds, the reactor and the building of the 4th power unit were destroyed by a series of powerful explosions. Flaming pieces, sparks and flames flew from the destroyed power unit to a great height. The wind carried them towards Belarus.

About 50 tons of radioactive fuel were released into the atmosphere in the form of particles of uranium dioxide, radionuclides iodine-131, plutonium-239, neptunium-139, cesium-137, strontium-90 and other radioactive isotopes. Another 70 tons were thrown onto the collapsed buildings and surrounding area. The activity of radioactive fuel reached 15-20 thousand roentgens per hour.

At dawn on April 26, 1986, a picture of destruction was revealed to the eyes of people near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Unit 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant after the accident

The reactor shaft was torn apart, as if from a direct hit by a super-powerful bomb. The walls of the central hall partially collapsed. Gaps appeared in the roof of the adjacent turbine room.

Inside, it was partially burned out; the fire and blast wave deformed the floor trusses and frame columns. The roof was burning in the area between the fourth and third power units.

The hydrogen-air mixture in the central hall of the fourth power unit exploded instantly. This gave the destruction the specific character of a volumetric explosion.

Smoke swirled above the reactor hall, and uranium continued to burn below. From ultra-high temperatures, nuclear fuel melted along with the remains of structures, forming a red-hot radioactive mass.

Thousands of radioactive debris lay around the completely destroyed core. Large and small fragments of graphite masonry, fuel cells, various units - all of this was blown apart by the explosion. There were a lot of pieces lying on the roofs of buildings.

The station workers and the arriving firefighters (69 people and 14 pieces of equipment) selflessly fought the fire. Before 6 o'clock in the morning, we managed to extinguish the burning bitumen on the roof of the turbine room (according to the rules, there should have been non-flammable material here).

In fact, these people, at the cost of their lives, saved humanity from a much greater threat, because the fire could have spread to other power units and the consequences would have been unpredictable.

Our fellow countryman, a native of the Braginsky district, Vasily Ignatenko, led the extinguishing of the fire on the roof of the turbine hall. With incredible efforts, he and several other fellow firefighters managed to put out the fire and were the last to leave the roof.

All these young guys died a few days later and were buried at the Mitinskoye cemetery in Moscow.

Relatives of Vasily Ignatenko at his grave at the Mitinskoye cemetery

In a conversation with Vasily Ignatenko’s wife at the opening events of a museum exhibition in honor of the hero of Chernobyl in Bragin, I asked her if Vasily understood what he was getting into.

She replied: “Of course, he knew how it would end for him, but he could not do otherwise.”

This courageous woman, being pregnant, went to Moscow and was constantly near her dying husband.

As she herself said, she remained alive only because the radioactivity mainly hit the child in the womb. She was saved, but the child was not.

And here are examples of outright bungling.

It turns out that during and after the accident, dosimetric control of the situation was impossible, since individual dosimeters with a measurement limit of 1 milliroentgen per second went off scale. One device with a large measurement range (up to 1000 roentgens) was faulty, the second one ended up in a littered room.

Background radiation measurements

No one had time to use special protective equipment. Nevertheless, the turbine room employees did not escape, but while fighting the fire, de-energized the equipment, preventing possible new hydrogen explosions, and helped wounded comrades get out of the dilapidated premises. At the same time, they wrapped wet towels around their heads, since it was impossible to breathe in respirators.

People moved under the protection of surviving walls and structures. People wearing short-sleeved shirts could be seen on the premises.

Even at night, several firefighters from the first crews turned to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant first aid station. Closer to lunchtime, the hospitals in Pripyat and Chernobyl were overcrowded, and more and more people were constantly arriving from the station - most in serious and extremely serious condition.

Many had red spots on their bodies (nuclear tanning), while others, on the contrary, were as pale as a tablecloth.

The victims constantly felt sick, had a fever, people periodically lost consciousness, and wounds and ulcers formed on their bodies.

At first, doctors informed relatives that patients were being admitted with burns, and claimed that nausea was caused by gas poisoning, since severe radiation exposure was not yet known here.

What happened at the nuclear power plant was immediately reported to Kyiv and Moscow.

On April 26, additional fire brigade forces and some military units were mobilized. However, the facts confirm that the country's leadership, having already received data about the high radiation danger at the fourth block of the nuclear power plant, still considered the explosion as an incident and not a disaster.

Of course, at that time there was no complete picture of what happened.

And in the city of Pripyat and in all the affected territories, the population was preparing for May Day, children’s voices rang in the courtyards, teenagers bought ice cream and confectionery from open trays. In the surrounding villages, people were preparing to plant potatoes.

On April 27, the first group of injured liquidators of 28 people was flown to the 6th Radiological Hospital in Moscow. The examination confirmed that they had acute radiation sickness.

The first liquidators at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant

In this situation, a decision was made to evacuate the population from a ten-kilometer zone around the emergency nuclear power plant, including the city of Pripyat.

In radio announcements, residents were informed of a “temporary” evacuation to populated areas of the Kyiv region “in order to ensure the complete safety of people, and primarily children.”

From 14.00 buses began arriving at each house. It was recommended to take only some clothes and a minimum of food with you.

Many, not realizing the complexity of the situation, perceived the forced departure as a vacation in nature: they stocked up on barbecue, took guitars and tape recorders with them.

The evacuation took place in an orderly manner. Until 17.00, 1,100 buses took the residents of Pripyat outside the outlined zone.

Column of buses with displaced people

The evacuation of villagers was much more difficult, since people took advantage of the fine days to work in their gardens and did not agree to leave.

And yet, within two to three days, they managed to evacuate about 50 thousand people, while people left all their property and pets in place.

Meanwhile, an increase in the radioactive background has already been recorded abroad.

On April 27 at 10 p.m., Swedish services detected a sharp surge in radioactivity in one of the regions of the country. A little later, one of the Danish research laboratories reported that an accident of the MPA category (maximum design basis accident) occurred at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

Europe pollution map

From that moment on, Chernobyl came into the focus of attention of foreign media. However, for a long time, Gorbachev and his entourage prevented the dissemination of objective information about the tragedy, fearing panic.

At the station itself, already on April 27, measures began to curb the emergency reactor, which was still emitting tons of radioactive dust and soot into the atmosphere. Military units arrived in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant area, including a helicopter regiment that had been alerted the night before.

A government commission was formed in Moscow to eliminate the consequences of the accident. It was headed by Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR B.E. Shcherbina.

The scientists were represented by the Deputy Director of the Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, Academician V.A. Legasov. It was he who arrived at the scene of the disaster among the first.

Academician Legasov V.A.

Legasov made calculations of the composition of a special mixture, which included bromine-containing substances, lead and dolomites. This mixture was supposed to stop the self-heating of the remaining nuclear fuel and limit the release of radioactive aerosols.

Over the course of eight days, until May 5, 1986, helicopter pilots dropped about 5 thousand tons of the mixture into the reactor shaft. For this we had to make 1800 sorties. In each of them, the pilots risked receiving prohibitive doses of radiation.

From how Major General N.T. described the work of the pilots in his memoirs. Antoshkin:

“We worked like this: the helicopter hovered over the emergency block, the side doors opened, and the technician, tied with a safety belt, dropped 60-100 kg bags.

He will drop 5-6 bags - covered in sweat. In a few seconds, 5-6 X-rays will be obtained.

It was hard work: the temperature below was 120-180 degrees, the radiation level was more than 3,000 roentgens per hour. At first, when there was little equipment, helicopter pilots made up to 33 approaches a day.”

Among the helicopter liquidator pilots was Vasily Vodolazhsky, who was serving in Minsk, and voluntarily stayed to teach his colleagues a safer technique for dropping cargo into the mouth of the rector.

Returning to Minsk with poor health, he soon died of cancer and was awarded the title of Hero of Russia.

On the facade of his house in the military town of Uruchye there is a memorial plaque, at which ceremonial events are held every year on April 26.

Near the memorial plaque to Vasily Vodolazhsky

Let us note that of those who created the first barrier to trouble, about 1000 people received the maximum radiation doses (from 2 to 20 Gray).

134 nuclear power plant employees and members of rescue teams who were at the accident site during the initial period died. 28 of them died within a month.

On May 2, 1986, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR N.I. Ryzhkov and the Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee E.K. Ligachev visited the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The visit certainly helped speed up the resolution of many organizational and supply issues and contributed to clearer coordination of the actions of various departments.

Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee E.K. Ligachev in the Gomel region

After analyzing the situation, on May 4, 1986, the Soviet government decided to continue the resettlement of people from the nuclear power plant, expanding the exclusion zone to 30 kilometers.

Military units continued to gather in the exclusion zone, and a brigade of chemical troops was deployed.

Numerous specialists arrived here en masse, military and civilian equipment were transferred.

To coordinate the work, republican commissions were created in the Byelorussian, Ukrainian SSR and the RSFSR, as well as various departmental commissions and headquarters.

No one could yet imagine how far the echo of the accident would spread.

In 1995, as a result of summarizing research materials, a preliminary forecast was made according to which self-purification of soils as a result of the migration of radionuclides into underlying horizons will not occur in the next 30 years. This means that the environmental disaster caused by the Chernobyl disaster has a large territorial, spatial and temporal extent.

M.S. Gorbachev and his wife R.M. Gorbacheva first visited the site of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on February 23, 1989 - almost 3 years after the incident

Of course, after the Chernobyl accident, much has changed in the minds of those involved in the design, construction and operation of nuclear power plants.

New stations are being built using much more advanced technologies - from the point of view of ensuring maximum safety.

So far, unfortunately, there is no alternative to nuclear energy, especially in technologically developed countries that do not have hydrocarbon deposits.

This encourages them to build nuclear power plants on their territory.

In this regard, the issue of exceptionally high-quality training of specialists, on whose awareness and depth of knowledge the safety of the operation of a nuclear facility primarily depends, is extremely relevant.

The consequences of Chernobyl should become a daily reminder to management, every engineer and operator of the great responsibility.

After all, the laws of meanness always work where people do not have deep knowledge, lose their vigilance and hope for chance.

In the next article, Valentin Antipenko will talk about what happened in Belarus after the accident. Follow our publications

23.04.2016

Social institutions are hosting events dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant

Irkutsk city

In connection with the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster, the Day of Participants in Liquidation of the Consequences of Radiation Accidents and Disasters and the Memory of the Victims of These Accidents and Disasters in Novo-Leninsky boarding house for the elderly and disabled An event was held to commemorate these tragic events. On April 8, residents visited the Newspaper Cafe. Topic for discussion: “Chernobyl: consequences of a terrible disaster.” The history of the Chernobyl disaster was discussed in a warm, friendly atmosphere over a cup of tea. The librarian suggested we remember how it was. During the conversation, the picture of the largest man-made radiation disaster in human history appeared vividly before those present. They remembered what caused the explosion, what consequences it had, how many people took part in the liquidation, etc. During the conversation, Alexey Maksimovich Piltay, a resident and former geologist, made a remarkable conclusion that the consequences of this tragedy - not only socio-economic, environmental, but also spiritual - are still felt. And the echo of the Chernobyl disaster will continue to sound for decades to come. That is why the history of this disaster and the history of overcoming its consequences deserves to be known and remembered by people.

Kachugsky district

In the period from 04/18/2016 to 04/21/2016, specialists Department of Social Protection and Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Kachug District A survey was conducted of 7 families in which participants in the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident live, at the Mayak Production Association and citizens who left the resettlement zone. During the survey, the need of liquidators and citizens who left for social services was determined and consultations were provided on all issues that arose among the citizens visited. The examination smoothly flowed into a tea party organized for liquidators in the administration buildings of rural settlements. During the conversation-inducing event, the liquidators shared their memories of the events that took place. Specialists from the institutions presented the liquidators with memorable gifts.

Ust-Udinsky district

In accordance with the approved plan of events in Ust-Udinskoye, classes dedicated to the Chernobyl tragedy were held in all educational institutions, and exhibitions - requiems were placed in cultural institutions and reading rooms. IN comprehensive center for social services for the population of the Ust-Udinsky district A drawing competition “Chernobyl” was held. Director social protection department Valentina Chemezova and the head of the administration of the Molkinsky rural settlement, Yuri Madasov, met with Konstantin Mikhailovich Maslov, a participant in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986-1987, at his place of residence. With words of gratitude for carrying out the tasks of the Government in an unusually difficult situation, for passing the test of courage and fortitude, demonstrating high moral and patriotic qualities, a deep understanding of personal responsibility, and a worthy contribution to the liquidation of the consequences at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Konstantin Maslov was presented with a memorable gift.

City of Bratsk and Bratsk district

IN Bratsk orphanage“Nuclear tragedy of the 20th century” events were held, dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster and the Day of participants in the liquidation of consequences of radiation accidents and disasters and the memory of the victims of these accidents and disasters. Thematic meetings “Chernobyl tragedy” were held for children of different age categories using multimedia equipment . For older pupils, a screening of the film “Aurora” was held. Most children learned for the first time about the terrible tragedy and its consequences. What they saw on the screen made an indelible impression on the audience.

Chunsky district

April 13, 2016 at Department of Social Protection of the Population for Chunsky District A meeting was held with participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the disaster. 2 participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and the family of a deceased participant in the liquidation were invited to the meeting. The director of the institution, Irina Onufriadi, gave a welcoming speech and report. She told the audience in detail about the provision of social support measures in the form of a monthly cash payment, changes in regulations on payment for housing and utilities to citizens, liquidators of the consequences of the accident, etc. During the meeting, most of the participants’ questions were given comprehensive answers , answers to questions that remain open will be given later in writing, after consultations with the relevant departments. At the round table they not only discussed problems, social benefits, exchanged opinions, but also remembered the terrible tragedy 30 years ago, each person personally spoke about how he happened to become a participant in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident. At the end of the event, all round table participants were treated to tea and sweets.

Zalarinsky district

April 20 and 21, 2016 Olga Pronichkina, director Department of Social Protection of the Population for Zalarinsky District and Natalya Orlova, head of the department of documentation support and reception of citizens, visited participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant V.S. Tkalicheva, T.N. Poberezhnikov, Z.A. Almakaeva. During the conversation, social support measures provided in accordance with current legislation were explained. The participants shared their memories of participating in the liquidation of the consequences of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, for participating in the liquidation of V, S. Tkalichev was awarded the Order of Courage (he worked in Chernobyl from May 14, 1986 to July 14, 1986, received 25 roentgens of radiation). Liquidation participants were given gifts.

Nizhneudinsky district

"Chernobyl... Black reality..." Under this name, a theme evening was held at the regional state budgetary social service institution "Psycho-neurological boarding school in the village of Vodopadny", which was dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl. The purpose of this event: to tell clients about the Chernobyl tragedy; about the exploits of people; promote the formation of environmental knowledge; cultivate a sense of compassion. What happened on that fateful night? Who is to blame for this explosion? How did the consequences of the explosion affect people and the environment? What measures are being taken by the state to prevent such accidents? The presenters and guys tried to answer these and other questions throughout the event. Participants in the theater group prepared poems on this topic. The children were especially touched by the letters from eyewitnesses of the tragedy and the feat of those who were the first to “dive” into death, without sparing themselves—the fire crews. Of course, this information cannot give a complete picture of what happened at Chernobyl. But it is enough to weigh, evaluate, understand, and warn it. Chernobyl is a tragedy, a feat, a warning.

Taishet district

On April 13, 2016, a thematic event dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster was held at the regional state budgetary social service institution “Shebertinsky boarding house for the elderly and disabled.” This year marks the 30th anniversary of this tragedy. As part of the event, recipients of social services watched the presentation: “Echoes of the Chernobyl tragedy - memory is worse than fiction...”, remembered the heroes of this tragedy, the bitter consequences of radiation contamination. According to the feedback from those present, it is very important to preserve and pass on the memory of this terrible accident, so that the current generation honors the feat of people who, at the cost of their own lives, prevented a global catastrophe. In conclusion, we honored the memory of all victims of the Chernobyl disaster and other radiation accidents and disasters with a minute of silence, paying tribute to Chernobyl veterans, as well as all those who participated in eliminating the consequences of radiation-related accidents.

Cheremkhovo district

"Chernobyl-memory zone." On April 15, 2016, the City Library of Svirsk hosted an event dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. The event was attended by one of the liquidators of that terrible disaster, Druzhinina Lyudmila Vasilyevna, as well as representatives of the administration of the city of Svirsk, the head of the department of documentation support and reception of citizens in the city of Svirsk, the Chairman of the Council of Women of the city of Svirsk, the Chairman of the Council of the “Society of the Blind” and the heads, social workers of home departments in Svirsk. Candles of memory were lit on the tables, the presenter announced a minute of silence for those who became victims of liquidations following the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Many words of gratitude were said to the liquidator from those present: “Decades later, we remember the terrible tragedy that left a dark mark on our calendar. We are immensely grateful to those people who became the liquidators of a terrible incident in the history of Ukraine and sacrificed their own health for the sake of saving the entire state.” This event continued with a cup of tea, communication with Lyudmila Vasilyevna Druzhinina and the screening of the documentary film “Before and after accidents”.

Nizhneilimsky district

Pain lasting 30 years. A number of events dedicated to the anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident were held for residents of the inpatient department of the regional state budgetary social service institution “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Nizhneilimsk District”. April 26, 2016 - 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl accident. In this regard, an event dedicated to this terrible tragedy was held in the inpatient department, prepared by Nadezhda Sigacheva, an employee of the family reading library. Also, the staff of the institution prepared a stand with a demonstration of photographic images of the Chernobyl disaster. Sympathy and understanding of this pain in the hearts of those living.

Olkhonsky district

On the territory of the Olkhon region in the village of Khuzhir lived one of the liquidators of the consequences of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986-1987. Vladimir Vladimirovich Shchukin. (05/28/1957 - 04/24/2013). Vladimir Vladimirovich Shchukin was born on May 28, 1957 in the village of Khuzhir, Olkhon district, into a working-class family. He graduated from the 7th grade of the Khuzhir school and got a job at a fish factory. From November 1975 he served in the Soviet army in Mongolia, after 2 years he returned home and worked as a fisherman in a brigade. In 1985, Vladimir left for Kalmykia and got married. In 1987, after passing a medical examination, the military commissariat sent Volodya Shchukin to Chernobyl, where on April 26, 1986, a terrible man-made disaster had already occurred - a reactor explosion at power unit No. 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, in the city of Pripyat. After a week-long quarantine, the soldiers were sent to patrol in the city of Pripyat, the distance from their place of residence to the city of Pripyat was 70 kilometers. Along the way, the cars were stopped several times for sanitary treatment outside and inside. The soldiers looked like medieval knights - in armor made of lead (lead robe, body armor and boots weighing 4 kilograms each), which creaked as they walked, it was not easy to move in them. Volodya, a Siberian guy, was amazed by the size of the unusually large apples and potato tubers. Large rats, bedbugs the size of an adult's large fingernail, were scurrying around the deserted city. These mutants terrified the soldiers. After patrolling in the city of Pripyat, Vladimir worked in Chernobyl at the power plant itself in the third power unit, where he was engaged in welding work and cutting pipelines. It was difficult to lose comrades - not everyone woke up in the morning. But Vladimir passed the tests with honor, although in the future all this affected his health. In December 1987, Shchukin V.V. he and his wife come to their homeland in the village of Khuzhir, where they were allocated an apartment. I got a job and my family gradually grew – 2 sons and a daughter. Since 2003, Vladimir has been retiring due to disability. In 2008, during a medical examination, he was diagnosed with a serious illness. In 2012, Shchukin V.V. and his family receive a certificate for improving their living conditions through social protection and purchase a three-room apartment in Irkutsk. In April 2013, at the age of 55, the life of our fellow countryman V.V. interrupted. A real man who did not flinch, was not afraid at the moment when the Motherland needed him in difficult hours of trial. Vladimir Vladimirovich Shchukin was awarded the medal “For Courage”. The Department of Social Protection of the Population for the Olkhon District" thanks Kapitolina Litvinova, director of the Khuzhir Museum of Local Lore, for the material provided.